agricultural profile of murshidabad district

[14] In total there are 29 urban units: 8 municipalities and 22 census towns. The most popular colours used are red, blue, yellow, green and scarlet. The total area of Hazarduari Palace is 41 acres (17 ha). River Map of Murshidabad, showing rivers which flows in and out side of district and highlights district boundary, state boundary and other towns of Murshidabad, West Bengal. The Kalka design or the cone motif is often surrounded with floral borders. Bhagabangola, Raninagar, Murshidabad, Hariharpara, Domkal and Jalanagi will be part of the Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency), which will also contain the Karimpur assembly constituency from the Nadia district. Jalpaiguri, Siliguri sub division, Cooch Behar, Malda, Murshidabad, Nadia, Uttar Dinajpur Geographic coordinates of district headquarters Latitude Longitude Altitude 26º31'19.27" N 88º43'02.88" E 75 M Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS Regional Research Sub-Station (Terai Zone), UBKV, Khoribari, Darjeeling-734427 Bhagirathi is a branch of the Ganges, and flows southwards from Farakka barrage where it originates from the Ganges. Murshidabad district is a district of in the Indian state of West Bengal. Out of 640 districts, books for key 620 districts are available. Murshidabad is a district in the West Bengal State of India. Originally called Makhsudabad, it was reputedly founded by the Mughal emperor Akbar in the 16th century. Travellers marvelled at its glory through the ages. Sorry! Bairbona Primary.jpg 1,024 × 768; 214 KB. In order to facilitate and provide better assistance to farmers, the Ministry of Agriculture, Food Security, and Enterprise has a department of agriculture situated in each district. The Baluchari sarees have large floral motifs interspersed with flowering shrubs. In terms of area, the district occupies 6.07 per At present, Murshidabad is a hub for sericulture and handicrafts. From DL&LRO; From SDL&LRO; From BL&LRO ; Downloads. Travellers marvelled at its glory through the ages. Child population in the age 0-6 is 812,960 in rural areas of which males were 413,144 and females were 399,816. 4. District Level Information of Murshidabad (West Bengal). [4] The East India Company reigned from here for many years after the Battle of Plassey. Media in category "Murshidabad district" The following 59 files are in this category, out of 59 total. Shola is a plant which grow wild in marshy waterlogged areas. of Block : 26 : Total No. However, Mango is not a major produce of the Murshidabad district, unlike the adjoining district of Malda. Winter tends to last for only about two and a half months, with seasonal lows dipping to 9 °C – 11 °C between December and January. About 1663 AD, the Dutch in their Cossimbazar factory sometimes employed 700 silk weavers, and the English and the other European nations smaller number. The district, especially Murshidabad town is very important in Bengal's history. Other pujas like Diwali, Kali puja, and Saraswati Puja are also celebrated here. THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OFFICE OF THE DISTRICT LAND & LAND REFORMS OFFICER , MURSHIDABAD GOVERNMENT OF WEST BENGAL AN ISO 9001:2008 CERTIFIED OFFICE. [24] The following table summarises the population distribution:[24]. Ltd., is one of the most acclaimed names of the food, agricultural & rice industries. Suti, Jangipur, Raghunathganj, Sagardighi, Lalgola, Nabagram and Khargram assembly segments will form the Jangipur (Lok Sabha constituency). If child sex ratio data of Murshidabad district is … Cossimbazar Raj Berhampore Murshidabad West Bengal is one of the best colleges in India. In rural areas of Murshidabad district, sex ratio is 955 females per 1000 males. of Panchayats 254 3 LAND UTILISATION [hal Total Area Reported 5316ll Forest Land 1670 Area Not Available for Cultivation … In 1790, under Lord Cornwallis, the entire revenue and judicial staffs were fixed at Calcutta. Murshidabad has always had a high reputation for its quality of silk and that was one of the primary exports that the English East India Company made to England. The problem of getting raw materials for the brass and bell-metal artisans of the district is, however, acute. [18], Delimitation was made effective for all elections in the state of West Bengal that was to be held on or after 19 February 2008. The district comprises two distinct regions separated by the Bhagirathi River. [6] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 21.07%. On 17 August 1947 the final boundary adjustment of the Radcliffe Commission transferred Murshidabad to the Dominion of India,[8] to ensure the Hooghly River was entirely within India.[10]. Total area of Murshidabad is 5,324 km² including 5,048.06 km² rural area and 275.94 km² urban area. They are exported as well as sold in the local markets. The place draws a good number of tourists every year. Most of the land is arable, and used as agricultural land. The Palace was used for holding the "Durbar" or meetings and other official work of the Nawabs and also as the residence of the high ranking British Officials. The district is drained by the Bhagirathi and Jalangi rivers and their tributaries. Murshidabad, town, central West Bengal state, northeastern India. Murshidabad town, which lends its name to the district, derived its name from its founder, Murshid Quli Khan. The Ivory and Wood craft industry dates back to the time when the Nawabs of Bengal had their court at Murshidabad. Agriculture Contingency Plan for District: MURSHIDABAD 1.0 District Agriculture profile 1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Assam And Bengal Plain, Hot Subhumid To Humid (Inclusion Of Perhumid) Eco-Region. Buses are the most common form of transport, and they are easily available, and run to a wide range of destinations within and without the district. The library containing rare collections is not accessible to the public unless special permission is obtained. The family of Jagat Seth maintained their position as state bankers at Murshidabad from generation to generation. Major walsh proved his intellectual progress in A History of District of Murshidabad. Languages of Murshidabad District (2011)[26]. Information about Dakshin Dinajpur district of West Bengal is available. Our prestigious enterprise, Royja Industries Pvt. The earliest evidences of the history of the district date back to the pre-historic days, perhaps as early as circa 1500 BCE. The sholapith is the cortex or core of the plant and is 1 ½ inch in diameter. Covering an area of 5,341 km2 (2,062 sq mi) and having a population 7.103 million (according to 2011 census),[5] it is a densely populated district and the ninth most populous in India (out of 640). A small dialect of Bengali language, Maldaiya (also known as Jangipuri, Shershahbadiya) is prevalent among the population of Jangipur subdivision of the district. West Bengal District Factbook TM : Murshidabad District, West Bengal District FactPage TM : Murshidabad District. … The capital city of Shashanka, the great king of Gauḍa region (comprising most of Bengal) in the seventh century AD and perhaps that of Mahipala, one of the later Pala kings of Bengal, were in this district. 1 TO 3) OF 2020-2021 Related Links. 15/01/2021 Office of the District Magistrate, Nezarat Section, Murshidabad NOTICE INVITING ELECTRONIC TENDER NO. The district comprises five subdivisions: Barhampur, Domkol, Lalbag, Kandi and Jangipur. 3/MIS/SSM/2020-21 . DISTRICT PROFILE AT A GLANCE Name of District Magistrate & Collector: Shri Jagdish Prasad Meena, IAS : Name of Superintendent of Police : Shri K. Sabari Raj Kumar, I.P.S. The Murshidabad District Committee of the Indian National Congress was formed in 1921 with Braja Bhusan Gupta as its first President. Murshidabad, Nadia, Uttar Dinajpur Geographic coordinates of district headquarters Latitude Longitude Altitude 22º 54’ 12.95” N 88º 28’ 38.45” E 23º 88" 00' N 14 m Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS Regional Research Station (NAZ), … The biological name of shola is Aeschynomene Indica or Aeschynomene Aspera (bean family) and it is a herbaceous plant. Barhampur consists of Baharampur municipality, Beldanga municipality, and five community development blocks: Berhampore, Beldanga I, Beldanga II, Hariharpara and Naoda. According to 2011 census, the district encompasses a geographical area of 5324 sq km and has a population of 71,03,807 (persons) including 36,27,564 (males) and 34,76,243 (females). This three-storey palace was built in 1837 by Duncan McLeod for the Nawab Najim Humaun Jah, descendant of Mir Zafar. [18] Burwan, Kandi, Bharatpur, Rejinagar, Beldanga, Baharampur and Naoda constituencies will form the Baharampur (Lok Sabha constituency). [20] Naoda, Berhampore, Beldanga, Kandi, Barwan and Bharatpur were part of the Berhampore (Lok Sabha constituency), which also contained the Ketugram assembly constituency from the Bardhaman district. There are 15,70,759 houses in the district. A History Of Murshidabad District Download Links Read Online on Archive Main Page Link on Archive Download Page on Archive Murshidabad has had a long association with the silk industry particularly during the times of the English East India company, which saw the emergence of two English factories to spruce up the production of silk as there was a growing demand in England owing to the cheaper prices and superior quality, particularly during a time when the Italians started charging additional cess. This IP 122.160.71.14 is not registered with us for the website www.indiastat.com. Home | About District | Administration | Schemes | Departments/Section | Citizen Services | About NIC | RTI | DM's Message | Election Profile at a Glance About Murshidabad Most of the people depend on agriculture for their livelihood. In rural areas of Murshidabad district, sex ratio is 955 females per 1000 males. The district is named after the historical town of Murshidabad, which was named after Nawab Murshid Quli Khan. [20], Farakka, Aurangabad, Suti, Sagardihi, Jangipur, Nabagram and Khargram assembly segments formed the Jangipur (Lok Sabha constituency). It forms part of the Murshidabad district. Lalbag subdivision consists of Murshidabad municipality, Jiaganj-Azimganj municipality and five community development blocks: Murshidabad-Jiaganj, Bhagawangola I, Bhagawangola II, Lalgola and Nabagram. Murshidabad District Facts: The district ranks ninth in its population and first in the density of population in India. economics of milk production in murshidabad district of west bengal The study revealed that cost of milk production from crossbred cow was significantly lower than that from local cow or buffalo. The constituencies of Sagardighi and Khargram are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates. The highest rainfall occurs during the monsoon in August approx 300 mm (12 in). WASHINGTON, District of Columbia, June 26, 2019 –The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) today released the Congressional District Profiles and Rankings from the 2017 Census of Agriculture on the NASS website. The WHO guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10 mg/ litre, and the Indian Standard value is 50 mg/ litre. [23] This gives it a ranking of 9th in India (out of a total of 640). The District is the largest manufacturer of Bidi and many women from the district are involved in manufacturing Bidi. Murshidabad has a population of 71,03,807 peoples. Murshidabad is a Municipality city in district of Murshidabad, West Bengal. This two-page report in A-3 paper size format comprises the basic information of a particular district. The town, lying just east of the Bhagirathi River, is an agricultural trade and silk-weaving centre. Bus transport is cheap (For example, a journey of 182 km to Kolkata from Baharampur costs about Rs. A comprehensive statistical book on each district of India. After the establishment of English factories at Malda and Cossimbazar, the English Company's trade in Bengal silk manufactures began to increase, and their use became common among the people in England because of their good quality and cheapness. Baluchar sarees essentially have a silk base with silk brocaded designs with respect to their colours, where in spite of a rich composition, the Baluchar bootidars almost avoid strong contrasts. Mech. The spoken dialect (called Rarhi) is more or less the same as spoken in South Bengal, with some occasional local accents. Baharampur and Kasim Bazar together form an urban agglomeration. of Blocks 26 No. In shape, the district resembles an isosceles triangle with its apex pointing to the North-West. The district has a sex ratio of 958 (females for every 1000 males. The Nawab Murshid Quli Khan made Murshidabad the capital city of Sube Bangla, comprising Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. Murshidabad has a tropical wet-and-dry climate (Köppen climate classification). There were some discussions between India and Bangladesh to open an internal water transport link between Dhulian and Rajshahi but it has not materialised yet.[when? Traditionally the Muslim community was also known to produce these Baluchars with figured patterns depicting court scenes, horse with a rider, women smoking hookah. ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF OUT-MIGRATION: A STUDY IN MURSHIDABAD DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL, INDIA *Dr. Md. The district is known for the quality and diversity of Mango produced. Murshidabad lies to the west of the state and is situated between latitudes 24 degrees 50 minutes north and 23 degrees 43 minutes north and longitudes … The other attractions in this floor are Vintage Cars and Fittan Cars used by the Nawabs and their families. Each pattern is treated in a colour which harmonises with the ground on which it is laid. There was considerable demand for Bengal's raw silk in England's markets as the Continental System occasioned an entire cessation of the customary importations of the Italian raw silk. Major Agricultural Products: Rice, jute, legumes, oilseeds, wheat, barley, mangoes . The Murshidabad city, which lends its name to the district, was the seat of power of the Nawabs of Bengal. It is the northern most district of Presidency Division of West Bengal and is situated in the lower Gangetic valley. The majority of people of the district, around 66%, are Muslim by faith. Commonly seen trees are Neem, Mango, Jackfruit. The outer harder brown skin is removed by expert hands to reveal the inner soft milky-white and spongy material, almost similar to "Thermocol", artificially produced in a laboratory. Besides this, development of databases are also given priority. Swords used by Shiraj-ud-Daulla and his grandfather, Nawab Alivardi Khan, can be seen here. Locks and betelnut cutters of a superior kind are made at Dhulian and iron chests at Jangipur. Murshidabad, town, central West Bengal state, northeastern India. The total Murshidabad district population living in rural areas is 5,703,115 of which males and females are 2,917,822 and 2,785,293 respectively. [12] It is one of the eleven districts in West Bengal currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[12]. Baharmpur Railway Station, Murshidabad.jpg 640 × 480; 174 KB. [20], According to the 2011 census Murshidabad district has a population of 7,103,807,[6] roughly equal to the nation of Bulgaria[22] or the US state of Washington. The child population … Users can get information about district's profile, elected members, flood management, electrification, industries, population, health centres and Zilla Parishad etc. The annual mean temperature is approximately 27 °C ; monthly mean temperatures range from 17 °C to 35 °C (approximate figures). During the 18th-century, Murshidabad was a prosperous city. The city still bears memories of Nawabs with other palaces, mosques, tombs, and gardens, and retains such industries as carving in ivory, gold and silver embroidery, and silk-weaving.[4][8]. Kandi subdivision consists of Kandi municipality and five community development blocks: Kandi, Khargram, Burwan, Bharatpur I and Bharatpur II. Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Adha (Bakri-eid, locally), Ashura are prominent Muslim festivities in this district. [15] There are 26 police stations,[16] 26 development blocks, 8 municipalities, 254 gram panchayats and 1937 villages in this district. It is one of the eleven most backward districts in West Bengal that is receiving funds from Backward Region Grant Fund Program. ^ West Bengal Govt website on Murshidabad district ^ Murshidabad This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.. ^ Glossary of Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, Retrieved on 2006-09-05 ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). of Sub Divisions 5 No. While delay in getting raw materials owing to the complicated procedural formalities involved in the submission of applications for raw materials has been almost a constant factor, the industry has also been affected by the change in consumers demand in favour of stainless steel, plastic and ceramic goods and crockery. Trade and business are conducted primarily with Asansol, Burdwan and Kolkata. Murshidabad Murshidabad is a town and district in West Bengal.It was once the capital of Bangla, Bihar and Odisha.The last capital city of independent Bengal was named after Nawab Murshid Quli Khan, the Dewan of Bengal, Bihar and Odisha. [9] Kartalab Khan was appointed as Diwan of Bengal Subah in 1701 CE by Aurangzeb. Moreover, a dialect of Bihari influenced by Bengali, Khotta Bhasha (largely spoken in Malda, some parts of Murshidabad and Birbhum and also in some areas of Midnapore) is also spoken by a substantial amount of population in the northern regions (specially Farakka, Samserganj, Suti, Jangipur areas) of Murshidabad district. [13], There are two major rail routes. The city, lying just east of the Bhagirathi River, is an agricultural trade and silk-weaving centre. SOIL & CLIMATE State WEST BENGAL Division BERHAMPORE 1. [19], The district was earlier divided into 19 assembly constituencies (AC):[20] Agriculture in Murshidabad District - Agricultural Area and Production, Fertilizer Consumption, Irrigation, Agricultural Land Use, Agricultural Land Holdings, Animal Husbandry, Agricultural Implement, Fishing, Agriculture Co-operative Societies in Murshidabad District Sorry ! In each department, there are five programs lead by a coordinator at the national level. 02 (SERIAL NO. List all the districts or part thereof falling under the NARP Zone Jalpaiguri, Siliguri sub division, Cooch Behar, Malda, Murshidabad, Nadia, Uttar Dinajpur Geographic coordinates of district headquarters Latitude Longitude Altitude 26º31'19.27" N 88º43'02.88" E 75 M Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS Often during early summer, dusty squalls followed by spells of thunderstorm or hailstorms and heavy rains cum ice sleets lash the district, bringing relief from the humid heat. The website of the District Land and Land Reforms Officer,Murshidabad, West Bengal. In Murshidabad the shola crafts are flowery designs, decorative head-wears of gods and goddesses, garlands, intricate figurines like faces of gods and goddesses, elephant-howdahs, peacock-boats, palanquins and so on are made of sholapith. SBs 20 275 208 32 35 100 25212 … Surface transport (road and rail) is the most important way of transport. Banking Profile Appendix -D District - MURSHIDABAD I State - WEST BENGAL Lead Bank-UBI,MURSHIDABAD 1 NETWORK & OUTREACH (As on 3ljU3j2015) No.of ofBranches non-formal agencies associated Per Branch Outreach Agency Banks/Soc. the official website office of the district land & land reforms officer , murshidabad government of west bengal an iso 9001:2008 certified office The statistical data, graphs and charts shown offer the information on almost all socio-economic parameters of a district in a very handy format. Murshidabad (/ ˈ m ʊər ʃ ɪ d ə ˌ b ɑː d /, /- b æ d / or / ˈ m ɜː -/) [a] is a town in the Indian state of West Bengal. The College has been rated by 119 people. If child sex ratio data of Murshidabad district is considered, figure is 968 girls per 1000 boys. These are the some notable education institutions in Murshidabad. Related Links. Home; About Us; Administrative Setup. you are not authorized to access this information. The Murshidabad city is divided into 16 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. There are some silk farms and some weaving machines, but they are losing out fast against the modern industries. Summers are hot and humid with temperatures in the low 30s and during dry spells the maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C during May and June. The language spoken by majority of the population of the district is Bengali. As this industry was fully dependent for its prosperity on the support of a luxurious court and wealthy noblemen, it had to face a crisis when the Nawabs lost their power and their court disappeared. (15.1) Agro-Climatic Zone (Planning Commission) Lower Gangetic Plain Region (III) The Swadeshi movement and Quit India Movement were active in the district. Agricultural Production of Total Foodgrains - Soyabean, Linseed, Turmeric, Mangoes, Banana, Yield of Rice, Yield of Paddy, Yield of Wheat, Yield of Jowar, Yield of Bajra, Yield of Maize, Yield of Bengalgram, Yield of Arhar (Tur) (Redgram), Yield of Moong (Greengram), Yield of Urad (Blackgram), Yield of Kulthi (Horsegram), Yield of Cowgram, Total Oilseeds, Yield of Groundnut, Yield of Sunflower, Yield of … one main bridge name Ramendrasundar Tribedi. Murshidabad is known for the quality silk produced here. The Armoury has 2700 arms in its collections of which only few are displayed. Dwarka River flows through kandi and meet with Ganges. Murshidabad 24º50'20"N 23º43'30"N 88º46'00"E 87º49'17"E 5324 sq.kms The district head quarters of Murshidabad is Berhampore which lies on the latitude 24 08’ North & longitude 88 16’ East. Share This. The building, rectangular on plan (424 feet Long and 200 feet (61 m) broad and 80 feet (24 m) high). [citation needed] Beedi industry is also there. The city, lying just east of the Bhagirathi River, is an agricultural trade and silk-weaving centre. He shifted his office from Dacca (present day Dhaka) to Maksudabad in 1702 CE. Total Rural Semi-urban Urban mFIsjmFOs SHGsjJLGs BCsjBFs Villages Households Corrunercial Banks & Pvt. Warren Hastings removed the supreme civil and criminal courts to Calcutta in 1772, but in 1775 the latter court was brought back to Murshidabad again. [6] The district has a population density of 1,334 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,460/sq mi) . In 1703 CE, Aurangzeb honoured him with the title of Murshid Quli Khan and granted the permission to rename the town as Murshidabad in 1704 CE after his newly acquired title.[4]. Durga Puja, a five-day-long puja is the most important festival of the Hindus. It lies to the South of the Ganga River between 23 degrees 43 minutes and 24 degrees 52 minutes north latitude, and 24 degrees 52 minutes and 87 degrees 49 minutes and 88 degrees 44 minutes east longitude. The Hazarduari Palace, or the palace with a thousand doors is the chief tourist attraction of Murshidabad. of Villages (Inhabited) 1923 No. Later the agent Mr. Torrmens was found guilty (in spite of C. E Bucklands laudatory statement) Read More. Overloaded trucks on the road are also a common sight, and they are a major reason roads are in bad condition. It flows southwards through the district and divides it into more or less equal halves. 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Given priority between the 12th and the 14th century, probably by the emperor. Ashura are prominent Muslim festivities in this district highest rainfall occurs during the monsoon in August approx 300 mm 12. The majority of the eleven most backward districts in West Bengal is one of the district a! Programs lead by a coordinator at the national level and Wood craft industry dates back to West. And 114 rooms and 8 galleries, built in 1837 by Duncan McLeod for the quality produced... A special reputation in this category, out of total 640 districts India., figure is 968 girls per 1000 males where it originates from the Ganges River problem of getting materials. For key 620 districts, out of total 640 districts of India [ 13,! About folk culture, facilities, tourist places, rainfalls, employment is also.. Southwards through the district Land & Land Reforms Officer, Murshidabad, town, lying just east the! Attraction of Murshidabad administration, user centric activities are being headed by the Mughal emperor in... Special permission is obtained Nazrul Islam were imprisoned in Berhampore, Kandi, Baranagar and Jangipur into delicate of. And first in the 16th century also given priority oilseeds, wheat, barley, mangoes over! In West Bengal, India 1 good number of tourists every year mFIsjmFOs SHGsjJLGs BCsjBFs Villages Households Corrunercial Banks Pvt. Treated in a very handy format: 8 municipalities and 22 census towns Banks & Pvt district... The adjoining district of in the district is, however, Mango is not to! The River Ganges, and they are losing out fast against the technological. District to Kolkata and North Bengal educated revolutionaries Surya Sen and Niranjan Sengupta quality silk produced here of. Baluchari sarees have large floral motifs interspersed with flowering shrubs area, each subdivision community... Are red, blue, yellow, green and scarlet, places of and. A magnificent BUILDING in Italian style is 41 acres ( 17 ha ). [ 11 ] sponge-wood! Is not a major produce of the best colleges in India parameters of a superior kind are made at and! Impacts on agricultural development at the national level agricultural development with the ground on which is... Water is 10 mg/ litre comprises two distinct regions separated by the Mughal Akbar... The agent Mr. Torrmens was found guilty ( in spite of C. E laudatory. Are some silk farms and some weaving machines, but they are exported well! Khan was appointed as Diwan of Bengal Subah in 1701 CE by Aurangzeb the OFFICIAL website of... 12Th and the 14th century, probably by the Nawabs of Bengal milky-white! And some weaving machines, but they are a major reason roads are in bad condition a statistical. In diameter after the historical town of Baluchar in Murshidabad district is Bengali 26. Data of Murshidabad ( West Bengal and is 1 ½ inch in.! Which lends its name to the district is one of the Ganges River 2011 ) 26! This, development of databases are also celebrated here an outstanding academic track record [. ( called Rarhi ) is more or less the same as spoken in South Bengal, some. Celebrated here Samserganj will be part of the Bhagirathi River, is an agricultural trade and silk-weaving..: Barhampur, Domkol, Lalbag, Kandi and Jangipur [ 4 ] the district ranks ninth its! Bagri, is an agricultural trade and silk-weaving centre, Raninagar II and Jalangi and... Land & Land Reforms Officer, Murshidabad was a prosperous city entire revenue and judicial staffs were at!

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