As part of the transition towards offering free bus services, the city's fleet was expanded from 100 to 140 buses, including new vehicles which run on natural gas. The population was 2,363 at the 2000 census. [7], During the reign of King Louis XIV, a large number of commerce raiders and pirates once again made their base at Dunkirk. Dunkirk is located at 40°22′28″N 85°12′35″W / 40.37444°N 85.20972°W / 40.37444; -85.20972 (40.37, -85.21), primarily within Jay County but with a section neighboring Blackford County. [16] This lull gave the British and French a few days to fortify their defences. Assessing the situation, von Rundstedt advocated holding his armor west and south of Dunkirk, as the marshy terrain was unsuitable for armored operations and many units were worn down from advance west. The belfry, originally the western tower of the Church of Saint-Eloi, at Dunkirk, France. [20] As an industrial city, it depends heavily on the steel, food processing, oil-refining, ship-building and chemical industries. It came under French rule when King Charles II of England sold it to France for £320,000[6] on 17 October 1662. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The name Dunkirk derives from West Flemish "dun" (Dune) and "Kerke" (Church). The basin was linked to the sea by a channel dug through coastal sandbanks secured by two jetties. However, Hitler exercised restraint at Dunkirk, halting his panzer tanks short of the seaport only days before the evacuation. [17], On 14 December 2002, the Norwegian car carrier MV Tricolor collided with the Bahamian-registered Kariba and sank off Dunkirk Harbour, causing a hazard to navigation in the English Channel. A fishing village arose late in the tenth century, in the originally flooded coastal area of the English Channel south of the Western Scheldt, when the area was held by the Counts of Flanders, vassals of the French Crown. It lies along the Strait of Dover between Calais and the Belgian frontier, 49 miles (79 km) northwest of Lille by road. Spanish Netherlands 1652–1658 This work was completed by 1678. It has the third-largest French harbour. This article is about the French commune. Nevertheless the general concept about Dunkirk is an evocative name that is synonymous to the Second World War. Dunkirk: belfry. Dunkirk's position in the North Sea and its proximity to the rich region of Flanders meant the town inevitably changed hands several times: in 1659 it belonged to the English; in 1662 it was bought back by Louis XIV. More than 40,000 vehicles as well as massive amounts of other military equipment and supplies were left behind, their value being regarded as less than that of trained fighting men. [15] Hitler merely validated the order several hours later. Latitude and longitude coordinates are: 51.050030, 2.397766. The Tour du Leughenaer (Tour du Leughenaer [fr]) (the Liar's Tower), The remains of the East Mole of Dunkirk harbour, pictured in 2009. Dunkirk, Hauts-de-France, France. It has the third-largest French harbour. Count Louis remained a loyal vassal of the French king upon the outbreak of the Hundred Years' War with England in 1337, and prohibited the maritime trade, which led to another revolt by the Dunkirk citizens. The French government developed the town as a fortified port. The railway line from Dunkirk to De Panne and Adinkerke, Belgium, is closed and has been dismantled in places. Forced by the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 to demolish the fortifications, France was not allowed to rebuild them until the late 18th century. The English governors were Sir William Lockhart (1658–60), Sir Edward Harley (1660–61) and Lord Rutherford (1661–62). Unexpectedly, the German Panzer attack halted for several days at a critical juncture. [citation needed] The fortress, under the command of German Admiral Friedrich Frisius, eventually unconditionally surrendered to the commander of the Czechoslovak forces, Brigade General Alois Liška, on 9 May 1945. Dunkirk lies just south-east of the Cheshire border. The simple reason is that it was from Dunkirk and its 10-mile stretch of beaches that Britian evacuated a plethora of soldiers after the collapse of Belgium and eventually the collapse of France. [22] As of August 2019, approximately 5% of 2000 people surveyed had used the free bus service to completely replace their cars.[23]. But a couple of days will be amply justified – even a long weekend. Dunkirk is a small town on the coast of France that was the scene of a massive military campaign during World War II. All dies kommt in »Dunkirk« nur sehr fein dosiert vor. The Gare de Dunkerque railway station offers connections to Gare de Calais-Ville, Gare de Lille Flandres, Arras and Paris, and several regional destinations in France. Check if it is available to stream online via "Where to Watch". Dunkirk is a commune in Nord, a French department in northern France. The writer Robert W. Service, then a war correspondent for the Toronto Star, was mistakenly arrested as a spy and narrowly avoided being executed out of hand. The belfry was chosen as the reference point in Dunkirk. England and France 1658–1659 The city's population, which had been 39,000 in 1914, reduced to fewer than 15,000 in July 1916 and 7,000 in the autumn of 1917. Dunkirk Dunkirk is a town in the region of Hauts-de-France in France.The town is a historic resort, 10 km from the border with Belgium.If you're coming from the UK, it's a great place to start your journey further into the Continent, but also a great holiday… Answer (1 of 3): Dunkirk is a seaport that is located between the Belgian coast and Calais. Find out where Dunkirk is streaming, if Dunkirk is on Netflix, and get news and updates, on Decider. Spanish Netherlands 1583–1646 Forty thousand Allied soldiers (some who carried on fighting after the official evacuation) were captured or forced to make their own way home through a variety of routes including via neutral Spain. Dunkirk is located in the county of Staffordshire, West Midlands, two miles south-west of the town of Kidsgrove, five miles north-west of the major town of Newcastle-under-Lyme, 116 miles north of Cardiff, and 141 miles north-west of London. The city along with Fort-Mardyck was awarded to England in the peace the following year as agreed in the Franco-English alliance against Spain. It lies 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the Belgian border. The population was 2,362 at the 2010 census. The population of the commune at the 2016 census was 91,412. 5 – date: 26 December 1662", http://www.professionalmariner.com/March-2008/The-Tricolor-Kariba-Clary-Incident/, http://www.lemonde.fr/nord-pas-de-calais-picardie/nord,59/dunkerque,59183/elections/presidentielle-2002/, http://www.worldshipping.org/about-the-industry/global-trade/ports, "French city of Dunkirk tests out free transport – and it works", "Dunkerque, France Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)", "Normes et records 1961–1990: Dunkerque (59) – altitude 11m", "Canicule : la France a connu hier une chaleur record au niveau national", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dunkirk&oldid=1000681421, Port cities and towns on the French Atlantic coast, Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom), Articles containing West Flemish-language text, Articles with Czech-language sources (cs), Short description is different from Wikidata, Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with image map1 but not image map, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2007, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 1970: Merger with Malo-les-Bains (which had been created by being detached from Dunkirk in 1881), 1980: Fusion-association with Mardyck (which became an, 1980: A large part of Petite-Synthe is detached from Dunkirk and included into, 2010: After a failed fusion-association attempt with, This page was last edited on 16 January 2021, at 05:42. After the count had been killed in the 1346 Battle of Crécy, his son and successor Count Louis II of Flanders (1346–1384) signed a truce with the English; the trade again flourished and the port was significantly enlarged. [26] Summer high temperatures average around 20 to 21 °C (68 to 70 °F), being significantly influenced by the marine currents. Dunkirk is a small town in the northernmost tip of France. The following is an excerpt from TIME-LIFE’s new special edition, World War II: Dunkirk, available on Amazon. The fortifications were again enlarged, including the construction of a belfry daymark (a navigational aid similar to a non-illuminated lighthouse). British and other Allied troops waiting to be evacuated from the beach at Dunkirk, France, 1940. Dunkirk contains intense and realistic sequences of war violence with many casualties by shooting, drowning, burning, and explosion shown. As a strategic point, Dunkirk has always been exposed to political greed, by Duke Robert I of Bar in 1395, by Louis de Luxembourg in 1435 and finally by the Austrian archduke Maximilian I of Habsburg, who in 1477 married Mary of Burgundy, sole heiress of late Duke Charles the Bold. Where is Dunkirk. Nevertheless, a collapse was prevented and evacuate by sea across the English Channel, codenamed Operation Dynamo. As the Wehrmacht swept through western Europe in the spring of 1940, using Blitzkrieg, both the French and British armies could not stop the onslaught. The eighteenth-century Swedish privateers and pirates Lars Gathenhielm and his wife Ingela Hammar, are known to have sold their gains in Dunkirk. In the war against Covid, where is the government's Dunkirk spirit? For years, it was assumed that Adolf Hitler ordered the German Army to suspend the attack, favouring bombardment by the Luftwaffe. It lies along the Strait of Dover between Calais and the Belgian frontier, 49 miles (79 km) northwest of Lille by road. Dunkirk was again contested in 1944, with the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division attempting to liberate the city in September, as Allied forces surged northeast after their victory in the Battle of Normandy. The jetties, their forts, and the port facilities were demolished in 1713 under the terms of the Treaty of Utrecht. Updates? It was originally the western tower of the Gothic church of Saint Éloi (damaged in World Wars I and II) but was separated from it by a street in the 18th century. Wenn man sich den Film »Dunkirk« ansieht, wird man sehr schnell merken, dass er sich merklich von den üblichen Kriegsfilmen abhebt. Dunkirk has co-operation agreements with: Dunkirk has an oceanic climate, with cool winters and warm summers. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. What county is Dunkirk in? During the German occupation, Dunkirk was largely destroyed by Allied bombing. In exchange for another lockdown, we need to see greater action, innovation and a timetable for rolling out the vaccine The commune has grown substantially by absorbing several neighbouring communes: Dunkirk has the third-largest harbour in France, after those of Le Havre and Marseille. The Allied position was complicated by Belgian King Leopold III's surrender on 27 May, which was postponed until 28 May. Dunkirk, French Dunkerque, town and seaport, Nord département, Hauts-de-France région, northern France. In one of the opening scenes of “Dunkirk”, a fleeing British soldier, terrified and haggard, is allowed to scramble over a barricade manned by French soldiers. Dunkirk (2017) Movies, TV, Celebs, and more... Oscars Best Picture Winners Best Picture Winners Golden Globes Emmys STARmeter Awards San Diego Comic-Con New York Comic-Con Sundance Film Festival Toronto Int'l Film Festival Awards Central Festival Central All Events Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. However, the film never lingers on the deaths and avoids showing blood and gore almost entirely. For the people in western Europe, World War Two was about to … Dunkirk (French: Dunkerque) is a small town on the coast of northern France.It is the northernmost city in France, lying about 6.2 miles from the Belgian border and was the scene of a massive miliary campaign during Word War Two. The port itself is capable of accepting 300,000-ton vessels and is the third largest complex in France (after Marseille and Le Havre) in terms of the amount of traffic handled. Dunkirk, along with the rest of Flanders, was incorporated into the Habsburg Netherlands and upon the 1581 secession of the Seven United Netherlands, remained part of the Southern Netherlands, which were held by Habsburg Spain (Spanish Netherlands) as Imperial fiefs. In June 1792 the French astronomers Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre and Pierre François André Méchain set out to measure the meridian arc distance from Dunkirk to Barcelona, two cities lying on approximately the same longitude as each other and also the longitude through Paris. Dunkirk is a beautiful old small city in the northernmost part of France, located on the shores of the La Manche Strain, about 7 miles west of the border between France and Belgium. [9][13] These decorations now appear in the city's coat of arms.[14]. [9], In January, 1916, a spy scare took place in Dunkirk. Dunkirk’s great artificial port was largely rebuilt after 1945 and subsequently expanded to form a deepwater port and industrial zone to the west of the town. Diese leben zumeist von der brachialen Action, den zahlreichen Gefechten und Kampfszenen und der Mission, der sich die Protagonisten stellen müssen. Dunkirk, and the evacuation associated with the troops trapped on Dunkirk, was called a “miracle” by Winston Churchill. Considered one the wealthiest places to live inside the Washington, … Dunkirk (UK: /dʌnˈkɜːrk/, US: /ˈdʌnkɜːrk/;[3][4] French: Dunkerque [dœ̃kɛʁk] (listen); French Flemish: Duunkerke; Dutch: Duinkerke(n) [ˈdœynkɛrkə(n)] (listen)) is a commune in Nord, a French department in northern France. As Maximilian was the son of Emperor Frederick III, all Flanders was immediately seized by King Louis XI of France. Fighting in Belgium and France, the BEF and a portion of the French Army became outflanked by the Germans and retreated to the area around the port of Dunkirk. 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